Hikikomori is a social phenomenon that occurs in Japan where a teenager or adult withdraws from social life by confining himself all day at home. In Japan alone the number of hikikomori residents has reached millions, in fact this is not only happening in Japan alone, other Asian countries including Europe also experience the same event. Japan has many cultures and habits that are considered unique by many people around the world, which is unique in that even though the country led by an emperor already has very advanced technology, its people highly uphold national and traditional culture. Japanese people even many who do not speak foreign languages ​​in addition to their own language because they think that if foreign parties want to cooperate, it is better for them to learn Japanese.

Hikikomori if viewed from the perspective of sociology is considered a social disease. The hikikomori performs an act of self-isolation from the outside world for a period of months (usually more than six months). A hikikomori actor will break communication and not interact with friends and friends but still be in touch with his family, even though in some cases there are even those who stay away from family. When doing hikikomori, a person also does not work, does not go to school or do other activities outside the home. Especially with the development of all-internet technology now, hikikomori players will have no difficulty in meeting their needs without having to leave the house. They can shop online and wait for the shipment to arrive at home and the choice to work from the internet is also widely available.

There are several reasons why someone can do hikikomori. These factors include the school environment, the family, the surrounding environment and the individual.

• Causes of the school environment 

Usually the factor that most influences hikikomori is social life at school, such as:
1. Often bullied

If you are a comic reader or a loyal anime audience, you must be familiar with the theme of bullying in Japan. If someone is often bullied, especially until accompanied by physical torture, then he will try to escape from the school environment. The case often arises from a hikikomori actor who is afraid of the presence of his bully, so he doesn't want to go to school anymore. For them the world will feel much safer if you don't step outside the house.

2. Academic value standards

Japan is a country that fosters competition since school. From elementary school to college, Japanese students strive to achieve the best grades in order to graduate. It is no stranger if a student can go home late because he is studying at a tutoring institution. Especially for children who want to face graduation exams and want to go to a higher school.  In some extreme cases, a child can commit suicide if he cannot meet the expectations of his family. From morning to evening they will study at school, afternoon to night they have to study again at the tutoring place. Even if not to suicide, students whose grades are mediocre must be willing to accept criticism from everywhere about the value that does not reach the standard. These various social pressures cause Japanese people to be easily stressed and depressed.


3. Failed exam

Who likes it if it fails? However, failure to enter a favorite school can be a source of depression to cause hikikomori activity. Failing at the final exam is often feared until finally a hikikomori actor does not want to go to school or continue his education. 

• Causes of family environment

 It is one of the causes of a child choosing not to leave his comfort zone at home. Too protecting children to not allow them to play outside the home can also cause children to grow into spoiled and not tough. The family is too childbirth to give their children the gold until they give the seeds do not want to go forward since they were children. No wonder there are children who are even afraid / reluctant to just go to school because they feel more comfortable at home with their families.

• Causes of social environment  

The influence of the environment that is not liked and felt does not give a positive contribution to oneself can also make someone prefer to close himself from the outside world. Some hikikomori actors feel that they do not have trust in people (lost faith in humanity), this usually happens because of rejection and various expectations that are not suitable between thinking and reality. 

• Causes of yourself  

Excessive stress and depression is one sign that someone needs help. Hikikomori is an excessive measure that can be prevented, you must immediately help your acquaintances to consult with experts if you see any symptoms going to the hikikomori.

Here are some of the factors and explanations for hikikomori. Hikikomori is not a good thing to imitate because we humans are actually social beings, there are still many positive and good things out there, always support those who become hikikomori actors to be brave enough to face the outside world.